Colored glass compositions

ABSTRACT

Glass compositions containing the oxides SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, CaO, MgO, Fe2O3, K2O, Mn2O3, CrO3 and Cr2O3, wherein the manganese is in its highest oxidation valence state and wherein the weight percent ratio of Cr to Mn, expressed as Cr2O3 to MnO, ranges from 0.05:0.1 to 0.1:0.1.

I Umted States Patent 1191 1111 3,844,796

Jasinski Oct. 29, 1974 [54] COLORED GLASS COMPOSITIONS 3,351,475 11/1967 Hagedom [06/52 [75] Inventor: John Jasinski, Toledo, Ohio OTHER PUBLICATIONS [73] Assignee: Owens-Illinois, Inc., Toledo, Ohio Weyl, W. Coloured Glasses; Sheffield, England, [22] Filed: Man301972 1321, 5 5. 136-137 pp. 116-117; pg- 123 (OD 139 G5 [21] Appl. No.: 239,725 Norton, F. H., Elements of Ceramics; Cambridge,

U-S- MaSS., [63] gglrtijrgilttijon of Ser. No. 883,317, Dec. 8, 1969, Primary Examiner Helen M McCarthy Attorney, Agent, or FirmRichard B. Dence; E. J. 52 us. 01 106/52, 106/48, 252/300, H11er 350/1 [51] Int. Cl C03c 3/24, CO3c 3/04, G02b 5/20 [57] ABSTRACT [58] Field Of Search 883/317; 106/52, .54, 48; .Glass compositions containing the oxides s o A1203, 252/300 350/1 N820, CaO, MgO, F6203, K 0, Mn O C10 and Cr O wherein the manganese is in its highest oxida- [56] References C'ted tion valence state and wherein the weight percent UN TED STATES PATENTS ratio of Cr to Mn, expressed as Cr O to MnO, ranges 1,411,134 3/1922 Taylor 106 53 from 0.05:0.1 to 0.1:0.1. 3,173,850 3/1965 Hood 106/52 3 I N D 3,203,816 8/1965 Bull 106/54 C REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a continuation of my copending DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In accordance with the present invention, it has been application Ser. No. 883,317, filed Dec. 8, 1969 and 5 found that it is possible to make novel colored glasses now abandoned, the entire disclosure of which is relied BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to certain new glass compositions. More particularly, the instant invention pertains to novel glasses of a variety of colors formed by intimately and homogeneously blending selected ingredients to produce colored glass compositions.

In the past, colored glasses were often hard to produce and economically impracticable because of utilization of costly glass-making ingredients and the difficulty of melting and forming the prior known glasses. Also, with prior known colored glasses, the colors were often faded in appearance or they lacked the distinct and desired shade and hue for successfully manufacturing articles of commerce.

Now, in accordance with the present invention, selected glass-forming ingredients are used to form glasses in a variety of colors, and which colors are stable and distinct. The glasses of this invention lend themselves successfully to the manufacture of a multiplicity of articles of commerce. Further, in accordance with the present invention, the selected glass-forming ingredients can be intimately and homogeneously blended together, melted and formed into articles using conventional glass-forming apparatus. Because of these above-recited unexpected advantages, the present invention provides colored glasses that are economically utilizable and practicable for many commercial endeavors.

Accordingly, it is a purpose of this invention to provide novel glass compositions that overcome the difficulties of the prior art.

Another purpose of this invention is to provide colored glasses made from inexpensive glass-forming ingredients.

Yet still another purpose of the present invention is to provide colored glasses that can be fabricated into items of commerce.

Still yet another purpose of the present invention is to provide glasses that can be melted, fined, formed and the like on conventional glass-forming equipment.

Other purposes and advantages will become apparent to persons skilled in the art from the following description of the invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention concerns novel colored glasses consisting essentially of:

Component Percent by Weight SiO 68 to 74 Algoa l to 3 Fe O 0.03 to 2 (a0 8 to 12 M 0 0.01 to 0.5 K,0 0.0! to 0.5 Na,O l2 to 16 Mn O 0.05 to 0.5 (r 0 0.05 to 0.3 CrO, 0.005 to 0.25

LII

containing silicon dioxide (SiO aluminum oxide (Al- 0 calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), sodium oxide (Na O), potassium oxide (K 0); ferric oxide (Fe O manganese oxide (Mn O chromium oxide (Cr O and (CrO by introducing into the glass controlled amounts of the inexpensive and readily available materials Mn0 and K Cr O to produce the desired colored glass compositions.

In the colored glass compositions, the weight percentage of Cr to Mn, expressed as Cr O to MnO, range from 0.05:0.l to 01:01. The use of these ratios of Cr O to MnO in the glass permits the powerful'oxidizing agent hexavalent chrome to maintain another colorant, manganese, in the valence state wherein its coloring power is greatest.

Manganese exists in glasses in two possible states of oxidation; namely, manganese with a valence of plus six (Mn") and manganese with a valence of plus two (Mn' In the manganese plus two valence state (Mn it is a weak colorant giving a brownish color. In the manganese plus six valence state (Mn it is a powerful colorant giving a purple color. Normally, at low manganese concentrations, all the manganese is in the plus two state (Mn while in the presence of hexavalent chrome, all the manganese present is maintained in the plus six state (Mn Hexavalent chrome (Cr itself gives a yellow color in the glass.

Thus, this invention provides a proper adjustment of hexavalent chrome to manganese in accordance with the above weight percent ratio joined with the other glass-forming ingredients to produce colors ranging from light yellow through brownish green to chocolate and reddish brown. All these colors, in addition to being distinct, are ultraviolet absorbing colors. Glass melts were made according to the spirit of the invention wherein the hexavalent chrome levels ranged from 0.055 weight percent to 0.10 weight percent and the manganese oxide (MnO) levels extended from 0.l0 weight percent to 0.15 weight percent. The colors produced ranged from greenish brown to reddish brown.

EXAMPLE 1 A novel glass of the invention was produced from the following materials:

Materials Weight in Grams Ottawu sand 135.49 Soda ash 47.13 Lime 37.72

-Continued Materials Weight in Grams Aplite 14.42 Niter 1.35 K Cr,O 0.232 Iron chromite 0.183 Mno 0.246

EXAMPLE 2 Component Weight Percent SiO 71.76 A1 0, 1.95 C310 [0.51 Mg() 0.21 F 0;, 0085 Na,O 14.49 K 0 0.20 Mn,0 0.1 1 CrO 0.078 (r 0 0.041

The glass has a Cr, expressed as Cr O to Mn, expressed as MnO, weight percent ratio of 0.1 to 0.1, and it had a chocolate-brown color. The glass composition was charged into a glass-forming mold for making a glass bottle by conventional glass-blowing techniques. As may be seen from the above example, the weight percent ratio of Cr to Mn, expressed as Cr O to MnO, is obtained by converting the weight percent of Mn O to MnO and converting the weight percent of CrO to Cr O The factor for converting weight percent of M11 0, to weight percent of MnO is 142/158 (twice the molecular weight of MnO divided by the molecular weight of Mn O The factor for converting weight percent of CrO to weight percent of Cr O is 152/200 (the molecular weight of Cr O divided by twice the molecular weight of CrO lllustratively:

0.11 (Mn O 142/158 =0.1(MnO) 0.078 (CrO X 152/200 0.059 (Cr O Total Cr O 0.059 0.041 0.1 Ratio of total Cr O to MnO 01:01

EXAMPLE 3 The following materials were as in Example 1, employed to form a glass composition:

This glass had a theoretical analysis as set forth in Example 4.

EXAMPLE 4 Component Weight Percent SiO, 71.8 A1 0 1.95 CaO 10.5 MgO 0.21 Fe- Q 0.056 Na,O 14.46 K 0 0.20 M o, 0.1 1 CrO 0.079 C 0.020

The glass had a Cr to Mn ratio, expressed as Cr O to MnO, of 0.08 to 0.1, and the color of the glass was chocolate-brown. A gob of glass of the same composition as that above was charged into a parison mold and a conventional whiskey bottle was blown from the novel glass. It will be seen from the above example that the weight percent ratio of Cr to Mn, expressed as Cr O to MnO, is obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.

lt will be apparent from the foregoing examples that chocolate-brown glass compositions may be prepared within the following compositional ranges:

Component Weight Percent SiO, 7l.76-71.8 A1 0 1.95 CaO 10.5 MgO 0.21 Fe O 0.056-0.085 Na O 14.46-14.49 K 0 0.20 Mn 0 0.1 l CrO 0.078-0.079 Cr 0 0020-0041 Component Weight Percent Si0 7l.76-7l.8 A1 0; 1.95 CaO 10.5 MgO 0.21 F020;. 0.056-0085 Na,0 14.46-14.49 K 0 0.20 Mn O 0.1 1 CrO 0.078-0.079 Cr o 0.0200.041

wherein the ratio of Cr O to MnO ranges from 0.08:0.1 to 01:01.

2. A colored glass composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the glass consists essentially of:

Component weight percent Component Weight Percent SiO. 71.76 A06 1.95 5 f 7 l C210 10 51 A 1 M80 CaO 10.5 Fen 0.085 M 0.21 o 1449 F220;, 0.056 K10 020 0 4-4 M o 0.1 2 -2 r0; 0.07s 10 Mn O 0.1 l 0,0 0041 00,, 0.079 0,0,. 0.020

3. A colored glass composition as defined in claim I wherein the glass consists essentially of: 

1. A CHOCOLATE BROWN COLORED GLASS COMPOSITION WHICH ABSORBS ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT AND WHICH CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF:
 2. A colored glass composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the glass consists essentially of:
 3. A colored glass composition as defined in claim 1 wherein the glass consists essentially of: 